Federal regulation provides that a landlord cannot absolutely prohibit the use of a satellite dish by a tenant. However, the regulation also specifically provides that the landlord can refuse to allow any holes to be placed in the property's exterior surface and that the landlord can require that the entire dish be located within the leased premises.
The "leased premises" does include exterior spaces that are reserved for the exclusive use of the tenant (balcony for example). However, the dish cannot be installed in such a way that portions of it protrude outside of that area. As a practical matter if a landlord strictly insists that the dish remain completely inside the leased premises, you may not be able to install your dish in such a way as to point it at your desired transmitting satellite.